A Posteriori error control & adaptivity for Crank-Nicolson finite element approximations for the linear Schrodinger equation

We derive optimal order a posteriori error estimates for fully discrete approximations of linear Schr\"odinger-type equations, in the $L^\infty(L^2)-$norm. For the discretization in time we use the Crank-Nicolson method, while for the space discretization we use finite element spaces that are allowed to change in time. The derivation of the estimators is based on a novel elliptic reconstruction that leads to estimates which reflect the physical properties of Schr\"odinger equations. The final estimates are obtained using energy techniques and residual-type estimators. Various numerical experiments for the one-dimensional linear Schr\"odinger equation in the semiclassical regime, verify and complement our theoretical results. The numerical implementations are performed with both uniform partitions and adaptivity in time and space. For adaptivity, we further develop and analyze an existing time-space adaptive algorithm to the cases of Schr\"odinger equations. The adaptive algorithm reduces the computational cost substantially and provides efficient error control for the solution and the observables of the problem, especially for small values of the Planck constant

Finite volume methods for unidirectional dispersive wave model

We extend the framework of the finite volume method to dispersive unidirectional water wave propagation in one space dimension. In particular, we consider a KdV–BBM-type equation. Explicit and implicit–explicit Runge–Kutta-type methods are used for time discretizations. The fully discrete schemes are validated by direct comparisons to analytic solutions. Invariants’ conservation properties are also studied. Main applications include important nonlinear phenomena such as dispersive shock wave formation, solitary waves, and their various interaction

Consistent Discretizations for Vanishing Regularization Solutions to Image Processing Problems

A model problem is used to represent a typical image processing problem of reconstructing an unknown in the face of incomplete data. A consistent discretization for a vanishing regularization solution is defined so that, in the absence of noise, limits first with respect to regularization and then with respect to grid refinement agree with a continuum counterpart defined in terms of a saddle point formulation. It is proved and demonstrated computationally for an artificial example and for a realistic example with magnetic resonance images that a mixed finite element discretization is consistent in the sense defined here. On the other hand, it is demonstrated computationally that a standard finite element discretization is not consistent, and the reason for the inconsistency is suggested in terms of theoretical and computational evidence

On a selection principle for multivalued semiclassical flows

We study the semiclassical behaviour of solutions of a Schr ̈odinger equation with a scalar po- tential displaying a conical singularity. When a pure state interacts strongly with the singularity of the flow, there are several possible classical evolutions, and it is not known whether the semiclassical limit cor- responds to one of them. Based on recent results, we propose that one of the classical evolutions captures the semiclassical dynamics; moreover, we propose a selection principle for the straightforward calculation of the regularized semiclassical asymptotics. We proceed to investigate numerically the validity of the proposed scheme, by employing a solver based on a posteriori error control for the Schr ̈odinger equation. Thus, for the problems we study, we generate rigorous upper bounds for the error in our asymptotic approximation. For 1-dimensional problems without interference, we obtain compelling agreement between the regularized asymptotics and the full solution. In problems with interference, there is a quantum effect that seems to survive in the classical limit. We discuss the scope of applicability of the proposed regularization approach, and formulate a precise conjecture

Boussinesq-Peregrine water wave models and their numerical approximation

In this paper we consider the numerical solution of Boussinesq-Peregrine type systems by the application of the Galerkin finite element method. The structure of the Boussinesq systems is explained and certain alternative nonlinear and dispersive terms are compared. A detailed study of the convergence properties of the standard Galerkin method, using various finite element spaces on unstructured triangular grids, is presented. Along with the study of the Peregrine system, a new Boussinesq system of BBM-BBM type is derived. The new system has the same structure in its momentum equation but differs slightly in the mass conservation equation compared to the Peregrine system. Further, the finite element method applied to the new system has better convergence properties, when used for its numerical approximation. Due to the lack of analytical formulas for solitary wave solutions for the systems under consideration, a Galerkin finite element method combined with the Petviashvili iteration is proposed for the numerical generation of accurate approximations of line solitary waves. Various numerical experiments related to the propagation of solitary and periodic waves over variable bottom topography and their interaction with the boundaries of the domains are presented. We conclude that both systems have similar accuracy when approximate long waves of small amplitude while the Galerkin finite element method is more effective when applied to BBM-BBM type systems

Emergence of Coherent Localized Structures in Shear Deformations of Temperature Dependent Fluids

Shear localization occurs in various instances of material instability in solid mechanics and is typically associated with Hadamard-instability for an underlying model. While Hadamard instability indicates the catastrophic growth of oscillations around a mean state, it does not by itself explain the formation of coherent structures typically observed in localization. The latter is a nonlinear effect and its analysis is the main objective of this article. We consider a model that captures the main mechanisms observed in high strain-rate deformation of metals, and describes shear motions of temperature dependent non-Newtonian fluids. For a special dependence of the viscosity on the temperature, we carry out a linearized stability analysis around a base state of uniform shearing solutions, and quantitatively assess the effects of the various mechanisms affecting the problem: thermal softening, momentum diffusion and thermal diffusion. Then, we turn to the nonlinear model, and construct localized states -in the form of similarity solutions -that emerge as coherent structures in the localization process. This justifies a scenario for localization that is proposed on the basis of asymptotic analysis in [10]